Means,meanings, and contexts: A framework for integrating detailed ethnographic data into assessments of fishing community vulnerability     

《Marine Policy》2016

  相似文献   

新型膨大管柱堵漏工具的研究与试制          下载免费PDF全文

张良万  游云武  舒曼  许明标 《探矿工程》2016,43(7):59-61

为了提高钻遇断层、大裂缝、溶洞及流水溶洞情况发生的失返性漏失堵漏的成功率,研制了一种新型膨大管柱堵漏工具。该工具直接送达漏层,使堵漏材料在受限空间内凝固,并在井眼轨迹穿过的通道上建立所需体积和强度的堵塞,从而解决失返性漏失问题。介绍了该堵漏工具的结构组成、选材、制造工艺和使用方法。  相似文献   

A semi-automatic neighborhood rule discovery approach     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2017

  相似文献   

A theoretical study of the factors which influence the measurement of fishing netting mesh size     

F. G. O&#x;Neill 《Ocean Engineering》2003,30(16):2053-2063

A theoretical investigation is carried out of the mesh size measurement of an idealized fishing netting mesh. It is assumed that the bending moment of the netting twine is proportional to curvature and that there is no twine extension and no cross-sectional deformation of the twine. The corresponding momentum and force balance equations are analyzed. The measurement method our analysis most approximates is that of the ICES gauge. The effect on mesh measurement of twine bending stiffness, frictional resistance, boundary slope, gauge force and gauge thickness are all examined.  相似文献   

区别于DSDP-ODP的深海保压保温天然气水合物钻探取心技术   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

许红  吴河勇  徐禄俊  庄茁  熊军  闫桂京  孙和清 《海洋地质前沿》2003,19(6):24-27

到目前为止，任何深海天然气水合物原位岩心样品的钻探、取心技术都离不开ODP(大洋钻探计划)或DSDP(深海钻探计划)专用船舶钻探技术，该技术主要通过从工作母船上连接几百到几千米钻杆到海底，实现500—1000m的钻探，再通过不同类型PCS(保压取心器)与PTCS(保压保温取心器)取心工具实现样品采集。重要特点是投入经费巨大。新型保压保温取心钻具是将钻具直接固定在深海海底，实现样品的原位保真采集，针对国内外两类着底式天然气水合物钻探、取心技术进行了分析，对于深海浅表层天然气水合物原位样品采集作业反映了创新的思维、技术模式、设计方案与科学方法  相似文献   

Investigation of strategies to improve the recycling effectiveness of waste oil from fishing vessels     

Bin Lin  Cherng-Yuan Lin  Tain-Chyuan Jong 《Marine Policy》2007

The marine ecological environment and fishery resources can be severely polluted or destroyed by waste oil from fishing vessels if they are emitted directly into the ocean without any proper pre-treatment process. International conventions such as MARPOL 73/78 regulate waste-oil emissions and require the installation of a waste oil–water separator only for ocean-going ships of over 400 gross tons. Hence, these international conventions are not applicable to most fishing ships due to their low gross tonnages. In addition, space on most fishing vessels is too limited to allow waste-oil storage tanks or a waste oil-water separator to comply with international maritime regulations. Because a significant amount of waste oil is produced by fishing vessels around the world every day, effective strategies or measures are needed to prevent this waste oil from polluting the marine environment. This study thus investigates strategies and measures for improving the effectiveness of waste-oil collection from fishing vessels. This study found that existing procedures for the collection and treatment of waste lubricating oil on land could be applied to the management of waste oil and bilge water from fishing vessels. Sufficient oil–water separators and storage facilities for the collection of waste oil should be placed at each fishing port and shipyard. Fishermen should then be required to deliver their waste oil to these storage facilities, from where it can be transported to legal recycling companies for further treatment. In addition, fishing harbor authorities should bear definitive responsibility for monitoring the illegal dumping of waste oil and for checking the waste-oil record books of fishing vessels. Each maritime country should enforce relevant laws and regulations to reduce the emission of waste oil from fishing vessels into the ocean.  相似文献   

黄海远东拟沙丁鱼种群鉴别的研究     

韦晟  陈毓桢  周彬彬  孙建明 《海洋科学》1989,13(4):55-60

本文根据黄海远东拟沙丁鱼[Sardinops melanostistus (Temminck et schlegel)]的生态学特征、生物学特性以及形态学特征综合分析比较结果,证明了黄海海州湾渔场和石岛渔场的鱼群样品非常相似,认为这两个渔场的远东拟沙丁鱼是同一个群体,均属九州群系。  相似文献   

Towards end-to-end models for investigating the effects of climate and fishing in marine ecosystems   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

M. Travers  Y.-J. Shin  S. Jennings  P. Cury 《Progress in Oceanography》2007,75(4):751-770

End-to-end models that represent ecosystem components from primary producers to top predators, linked through trophic interactions and affected by the abiotic environment, are expected to provide valuable tools for assessing the effects of climate change and fishing on ecosystem dynamics. Here, we review the main process-based approaches used for marine ecosystem modelling, focusing on the extent of the food web modelled, the forcing factors considered, the trophic processes represented, as well as the potential use and further development of the models. We consider models of a subset of the food web, models which represent the first attempts to couple low and high trophic levels, integrated models of the whole ecosystem, and size spectrum models. Comparisons within and among these groups of models highlight the preferential use of functional groups at low trophic levels and species at higher trophic levels and the different ways in which the models account for abiotic processes. The model comparisons also highlight the importance of choosing an appropriate spatial dimension for representing organism dynamics. Many of the reviewed models could be extended by adding components and by ensuring that the full life cycles of species components are represented, but end-to-end models should provide full coverage of ecosystem components, the integration of physical and biological processes at different scales and two-way interactions between ecosystem components. We suggest that this is best achieved by coupling models, but there are very few existing cases where the coupling supports true two-way interaction. The advantages of coupling models are that the extent of discretization and representation can be targeted to the part of the food web being considered, making their development time- and cost-effective. Processes such as predation can be coupled to allow the propagation of forcing factors effects up and down the food web. However, there needs to be a stronger focus on enabling two-way interaction, carefully selecting the key functional groups and species, reconciling different time and space scales and the methods of converting between energy, nutrients and mass.  相似文献   

台湾海峡1997～1998年夏汛中上层鱼类中心渔场的变动与表层水温的关系浅析   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

商少凌  洪华生  商少平  张学敏  张彩云 《海洋科学》2002,26(11):27-30

针对台湾海峡中上层鱼类中心渔场的变动问题,通过对1997－1998年夏汛期间AVHRR遥感表层水温（SST）的分析,发现相应于北部和西南部中心渔场在1998年范围缩小、南界大幅北移0．5个纬度的现象,1997年渔场南界一线的SST,在1998年升高可达1℃,推测SST的这种变化,是中心渔场出现明显位称的原因之一,并且与此期间发生的El Nino事件可能存在着某种关联。  相似文献   

东海大陆架海域经济蟹类种类组成和数量分布   总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16  

俞存根  宋海棠  姚光展  吕华庆 《海洋与湖沼》2006,37(1):53-60

根据1998年5月、8月、11月和1999年2月东海区虾蟹类资源调查结果,用重量资源密度作为经济蟹类数量分布的数量指标,对东海区经济蟹类的种类组成、数量分布、季节变化趋势以及数量与环境的关系作了定量分析。结果表明,在东海调查海区,经济蟹类主要有细点圆趾蟹Ovalipes punctatus、三疣梭子蟹Portunus trituberculatus、日本蟳Charybdis japonica、锈斑蟳Charybdis feriatus、武士蟳Charybdis miles、光掌蟳Charybdis riversandersoni和红星梭子蟹Portunus sanguinolentus等。经济蟹类渔获量约占蟹类总渔获量的62.8%,渔获量的季节变化明显,年间有二个汛期,一个出现在春夏季,以细点圆趾蟹为主要捕捞对象,兼捕光掌蟳、日本蟳等,渔场的主体分布在东海北部近海,渔场范围较小,蟹群集中,是捕捞生产条件较为理想的渔场;另一个出现在秋冬季,以三疣梭子蟹为主要捕捞对象,兼捕武士蟳、日本蟳、锈斑蟳、红星梭子蟹等。高生物量分布区主要出现在长江口、大沙、舟山渔场20—60m水深海域,是东海三疣梭子蟹和日本蟳的主要渔场,该渔场也是捕捞条件较为理想的渔场。在长江口以南的东海南部海域也有经济蟹类的较高生物量分布区,是武士蟳和锈斑蟳的渔场,该渔场具有范围较大,蟹群较分散的特征,所捕捞的品种往往只能作为兼捕对象。  相似文献